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      METHOD AND SEISMIC DISPERSION MARITIME TOWED MATRIX.A technique for acquiring wide azimuth seismic data using simultaneous firing is presented in which a plurality of seismic sources positioned to achieve a desired cross-sectional sampling as a function of the number of passes. This is accomplished by "interleaving" sources as deployed in the dispersion as positioned in multiple passages, or some combination of these, to achieve an effective firing line interval during acquisition or an effective cross sampling less than its cross source separation.
    公开号:BR112012016258A2
    申请号:R112012016258-6
    申请日:2010-12-30
    公开日:2020-09-01
    发明作者:Nicolae Moldoveanu；Craig J. Beasley
    申请人:Gego Technology B.V.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    | : 1 . METHOD AND SEISMIC DISPERSION OF MARKED PLASTERED MATRIX
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to marine seismic surveys of towed matrix, of wide azimuth. | DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED TECHNIQUE:: This section of this document introduces various aspects of the technique that can be related to various aspects of the present invention described and / or claimed below. Provides background information to facilitate | better - “understanding the various aspects of this! invention. As the section title indicates, this is one! . discussion of “related” technique. That this technique is related does not in any way imply that it is also a “previous” technique. The related technique may or may not be prior art. The discussion in this section of this document should be read in this light, and not as an admission of the previous R technique. Illuminating reservoirs with traditional maritime seismic acquisition has always been a challenge. Great | part of the challenge has to do with the variation, or lack of: 1, in the azimuths of the recorded seismic ray paths. ! A relatively new acquisition technique to overcome | this difficulty is a wide azimuth survey (in the acronym for wide-azimuth, “WAZ”). WAZ survey has
    | | 2 - to address the lighting problems inherent in narrow azimuth marine seismic.
    WAZ surveys provide an improvement of staggered change in! imaging.
    These types of surveys improve the signal to noise ratio and lighting in complex geology | and provide natural attenuation of some multiples. | Wide azimuth towed streamer surveys | are purchased with multiple vessels.
    A typical configuration consists of two streamer vessels and two source vessels.
    Each vessel has a set of | sources and sources fire sequentially.
    A wide range azimuth acquisition implementation using this vessel configuration is to fire in one direction with | 1200 m navigation line interval and then fire 1 in the reverse direction, interspersed lines, at 1200 navigation line interval. N.
    Moldovenau & M.
    Egan, 2007, “Some aspects of survey design for wide-azimuth | towed-streamer acquisition ”, SEG, 2007, Extended Abstracts, | : 56-60. This firing method produces firing lines in | 20 600 m, wide azimuth distribution and displacement | maximum cross line of 4200 m.
    More particularly, the basic configuration that is used today by WesternGeco, to the assignee of the present, | and other companies for the acquisition of wide azimuth (“WAZ” ") consists of two streamer vessels and two source vessels.
    The vessels are all aligned on the leading edge
    | : 3. dispersion and each vessel tows a seismic source.
    The separation of the vessels is 1200 m and the dispersion width - the transverse distance from | port side streamer to starboard streamer in a set of towed streamers - is 1200 m. ! All 4 vessels sail in one direction on a first pass with an interval of 1200 m between them - that is, 1200 m is the range of the navigation line.
    The vessels also sail in the opposite direction in a second pass over the survey area.
    The second pass is also made using a 1200 m navigation line interval.
    However, the navigation lines of the second passage are interspersed in the direction | that vessels in the second passage cross lines | 15 navigation lines that are between the navigation lines of the first pass.
    The number of navigation lines that will be executed depends on the size of the survey, for example, twelve navigation lines in two passages, or | : six navigation lines in each direction.
    As noted above, each vessel tows | a seismic source.
    The “firing line interval” is the | interval between seismic sources.
    The sources are “triggered” during each pass.
    Collectively considering shooting | in the two interspersed directions, theThe firing line interval is 600 m. this means that the cross-line sampling is 600 m. if each seismic source fires
    | 4. sequentially at 37.5 m in conventional mode, the firing interval along each source line is 150 m (37.5 m * 4). This means that the in-line trip sampling is 150 m. note: if two sources are fired! 5 simultaneously, the firing interval (in-line sampling) can be reduced by 75 m.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In one aspect a method comprises: deploying a towed matrix marine seismic dispersion; traverse the deployed dispersion through a survey area; and acquire wide azimuth survey data during the crossing. The spread of the dispersion includes: a plurality of streamer sets; a plurality of streamer vessels, each streamer vessel towing a respective of the streamer arrays; a plurality of seismic sources whose positions are interspersed in the direction of the transverse line to obtain an effective transverse line sampling less than its line separation. transversal as a function of the number of passes; and a plurality of source vessels, each vessel of | source towing at least one respective source from the sources | seismic. ] In a second aspect, a seismic dispersion! towed matrix maritime comprises: a plurality of streamer sets; a plurality of streamer vessels, each streamer vessel towing a respective l 1 5 - of the streamer arrays; a plurality of seismic sources whose positions are interspersed in the direction of the transverse line to obtain an effective firing line interval less than their transverse line separation during acquisition; and a plurality of source vessels, each source vessel towing at least one of the respective seismic sources. 'In a third aspect, a method comprises: deploying a marine seismic dispersion, with a towed matrix; traverse the spread spread through one; survey area; and acquire survey data from! wide azimuth during the crossing.
    Data acquisition includes firing seismic sources in combinations that are fired sequentially at an interval proportional to the number of seismic sources and the nominal firing interval and while seismic sources are positioned in an interleaved mode to obtain a smaller effective cross-line sampling than its transverse line separation; and | . receive a seismic wave field generated by triggering the seismic sources.
    The above presents a simplified summary of the invention to provide a basic understanding of some | aspects of the invention.
    This summary is not an overview | of the invention.
    It is not intended to identify major or critical elements of the invention or to outline the scope of the invention.
    Its sole purpose is to present
    : i. some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is discussed later.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS! 5 The invention can be understood as | reference to the following description taken in combination with | attached drawings, in which reference numerals identify similar elements, and in which: Figure 1A - figure 1B illustrates in a conceptual way in a “bird's eye” view a specific modality | of a maritime seismic survey dispersion of towed matrix , implemented according to one aspect of the present invention and the wide azimuth distribution of its acquisition, respectively; Figure 1C represents in part, a wide azimuth seismic survey according to another aspect of the present invention using the dispersion of figure 1A ; Figure 2A - figure 2B represents a modality |. Specific to a set of streamer shown | 20 first in figure 1A in a flat, overhead view, including the instrumented probes of the streamers; 1 Figure 3 illustrates certain aspects of a | survey of two passages using the dispersion of figure 1A; 'figure 4A - figure 4B illustrates in a conceptual way in a “bird's eye” view a second hand dality |
    | ; . specific to a towed matrix marine seismic survey dispersion implemented in accordance with an aspect of the present invention and the wide azimuth distribution of its acquisition, respectively; and Figure 5 - figure 7 illustrates in conceptual form in a “bird's eye” view yet other alternative modalities of a seismic survey dispersion; matrix of towed matrix according to an aspect of | present invention. Although the invention is susceptible to several | alternative modifications and shapes, the drawings illustrate! specific modalities described here in detail as an example, it should be understood, however, that the description here of specific modalities is not intended to be limited to! 15 invention to the specific forms revealed, however on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives understood in the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims. joined.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION One or more specific embodiments of the present | invention will be described below. It is specifically intended | ] that the present invention is not limited to the modalities and | | illustrations contained here, but include modified forms of these modalities including portions of the modalities and combinations of elements from different modalities such as |
    | ; | . within the scope of the following claims.
    It must be recognized that in the development of any such effective implementation, as in any design or engineering project, numerous specific implementation decisions must be made to achieve the specific objectives of the developers, such as compliance with system-related and i | which may vary from one implementation to another.
    In addition, it must be recognized that such a development effort could be complex and time-consuming, but not | nevertheless it would be a routine task of design, manufacture and manufacture for those with common knowledge having the benefit of this revelation.
    Nothing in that application is considered critical or essential to the present invention unless | 15 explicitly indicated as being "eritical" or "essential". The words and phrases used here must be! understood and interpreted as having a meaning compatible with the understanding of these words and phrases by! 20 those skilled in the relevant technique.
    No definition | term or phrase, that is, a definition that is | 'different from the common and customary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art, it is intended to be implied by compatible use of the term or phrase here.
    To the extent that a term or phrase is intended to have a special meaning, that is, a meaning different from that understood by |
    | ; | - | | . specialized technicians, such special definition will be expressly exposed in the specification in a definition mode that directly and unequivocally provides the special definition for the term or phrase. | The present invention will now be described with 1 reference to the attached figures.
    Various structures, systems and devices are schematically represented in the drawings for the purpose of explanation only and so as not to | obscure the present invention with details that are well known to those skilled in the art.
    Nevertheless, the | attached drawings are included to describe and explain | illustrative examples of the present invention.
    Figure 1A illustrates in a conceptual way a specific modality of a marine seismic survey dispersion, of towed matrix 100, implemented in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
    Dispersion 100 comprises eight vessels 111 - 118, two streamer arrays 121, 122, and a plurality of sources 131 - 138. Vessels 111, 114 are “streamer vessels” in which each tow a respective set of | streamer 121, 122 although they also tow a fountain | respective 131, 134, In some embodiments, vessels 1 streamer may omit fonts although additional vessels may need to be introduced for those fonts.
    Vessels 112 - 113 and 115 - 118 are “source vessels” where each tow a source or set of sources
    . respective 132 - 133 and 135 - 138, but no streamer set.
    In the configuration of figure 1A, and as discussed in | additional detail below, the separation between vessels | 5 111 - 114 and 115 - 118 is 1200 m. compared to conventional practice, there are four additional source vessels 115 - 118 that are positioned behind streamers 140 (only one indicated) from streamer arrays 121, 122. Source vessels 115 - 118 behind 10 of streamers 140 are interspersed with vessels 111 - 114 placed in front of streamers 140. This means that the vessel separation for dispersion 100 is 600 m and the source line range is 600 m. If we compare this with the conventional practice of WAZ, the same | 15 survey area can be acquired in a single pass instead of two interspersed passages.
    If each source 131 - 138 fires sequentially, in-line trigger sampling is 300 m (37.5 x 8). . However, the illustrated mode uses simultaneous shooting to have a shorter shooting interval, and | i mode a smaller sampling interval. If two sources are | fired simultaneously, the firing interval is 150 7 m, similar to firing sampling in the conventional WAZ survey practice described above. The sources 131- 138 that could fire simultaneously could be: source 131 and source 137; font 132 and font 138; font 133 e |
    | | 11 | - | . source 135; and source 134 and source 136. Other combinations can be used, but in general you must select a source in the front and a source in the rear that fire at the same time, The displacement times of the sources in the front and; 5 behind have different outward movement and sweep, so it is more easily separated. | | The line trip interval could be reduced to 75 m if four sources are triggered simultaneously, for example, if source 131, source 133, source 135 and source 137 are triggered at the same time and a; font 132, font 134, font 136, and font 138 are | fired at the same time.
    Note that the notion of sources being fired at the same time covers small random delays between sources source 131, source 133, source 135 | 15 and source 137 and the same for source 132, source 134, source 136 and source 138. This will make separation easier. 'The azimuth distribution shifted for the survey conducted with the dispersion 100 of figure 1A | . shown in figure 1B is the same as it would be obtained with a | : 20 conventional WAZ acquisition described above. 'Each streamer set 121, 122 comprises a | plurality of streamers 140 (only one indicated). A | 7 the present invention admits wide variation in implementation | | of streamers 140. Examples of construction techniques: | 25 appropriate can be found in US Charter US 6,477,711, US Charter US |
    | 12! -
    . 6,671,223, US Charter US 6,684,160, US Charter US 6,932,017, US Charter US 7,080,607, North American Charter
    ! US 7,293,520 and US Patent Application US 11 / 114,773, incorporated by reference below. | Any of these alternative multicomponent streamers can be used in combination with the currently disclosed technique.
    However, the invention is not limited to 'use with multicomponent streamers and can be used with conventional pressure
    | used in 2D surveys. | The illustrated modality uses technology: WesternGeco Q-Marine which provides features such as steering | streamer, single sensor recording, large airships '15 calibrated source sets, and improved firing repeatability, as well as benefits with better noise sampling and attenuation, and the ability to record' during boat turns, all contribute to oO: improved imaging.
    More particularly, each of the 111 - 118 vessels is a Q'M vessel that is owned and operated by WesternGeco, the assignee of the present invention.
    Each vessel 111 - 118 is equipped with a GPS receiver 1 coupled to an integrated computer-based seismic navigation (TRINAV '""), source controller (TRISORM), and recording system (TRIACQ' ”) (collectively, TRILOGY" " ),
    ; 13; . none of which is shown. Fonts 131 - 137 are typically multiple pistol air sources controlled by TRISOR'Y. To increase understanding of the present invention, a specific modality of streamer arrays will be | now revealed with respect to figures 2A - figure 2B. The ; figure 2A represents a specific modality of research vessel 111, set of streamer 121, and seismic source 131 in a flat aerial view. In this specific modality, as mentioned above, the dispersion | Seismic 101 generically includes a towed assembly 121 | by a survey vessel 111 aboard which is a computing apparatus 200. Computing apparatus 200 controls seismic dispersion 101 in a manner well known and understood in the art and as discussed more fully below. The towed array 121 comprises ten marine streamers 140 (only one indicated). Seismic source 131 is also included. Each streamer 140 can, for example, be 6 km long and separated by up to 100 m. note that the number of streamers 140 in the towed array 121 is not important to the practice of the invention.
    ! Note that these distances discussed here are "approximate". As used here, the term "approximate" recognizes that what is commonly known in the art - namely, that it is difficult to maintain the position of the streamers 140 consistently throughout the seismic survey 100.
    | | 14 1 -. Environmental conditions, such as tides and winds, often push all or part of the streamers 140 out of their desired positions during the survey. Therefore, as further discussed below, OS streamers 140 include positioning devices to help compensate for these types of factors. Deviations from | Desired positions nevertheless occur and can affect the separation - * of the transverse cable. the term “approximately” is a reflection of this reality and indicates deviations from the modified distance they are | understood to a degree commonly accepted by those in the! industry in that context.
    In front of each streamer 140 is a deflector 206 | (only one nominee) and at the rear of each streamer 140 is a tail buoy 209 (only one nominee) used to help control the shape and position of streamer 140. Located between deflector 206 and tail buoy 209 is a plurality of devices | seismic cable positioning known as “birds”
    212. Birds 212 can be located at regulating intervals along the seismic cable, such as every 200 m to 400 m. in this specific modality, 212 birds are used to control the depth at which they are! 140 streamers are towed, typically a few meters. Streamers 140 also include a plurality of instrumented probes 214 (only one indicated)
    | 15 Pos | . distributed along its length.
    The instrumented probes 214 lodged in the illustrated embodiment, an acoustic sensor 220 (for example, a hydrophone) as is known in the art, and a particle motion sensor 223, both shown conceptually in Figure 2B. particle motion sensors 223 measure not only the magnitude of passing wavefronts but also & direction.
    The sensing elements of the particle motion sensors can be, for example, a speed meter or an accelerometer. the sensors of the instrumented probes 214 then transmit data representative of the quantity detected on the electrical wires of the streamer 140. The data from the acoustic sensors 220 and the particle motion sensors 223 can be transmitted via separate lines.
    However, this is not necessary for the practice of the invention.
    However, size, weight and energy limitations will typically make this desirable.
    The data generated by the particle motion sensor 223 will therefore need to be merged with the seismic data.
    Techniques for merging information with these | are known in the art for interleaving, can be | employed. In this way, the data generated by the sensors of the instrumented probes 214 are transmitted through the seismic cable to the computing device 200. Like those in
    ; | 16. technique will recognize, a variety of signals are transmitted up and down the streamer 140 during the seismic survey.
    For example, energy is transmitted to the electronic components (for example, the acoustic sensor 220 and particle motion sensor 223),; control signals are sent to positioning elements (not shown), and data is transmitted back to vessel 111. For this purpose, streamer 140 provides several lines (that is, a 226 power cable, a control and command 229 and a data line 232) over which these signals can be transmitted.
    Those skilled in the art will still recognize that there are several techniques that can be employed that! the number of lines used for this purpose may vary.
    In addition, streamer 140 will also typically include other structures, such as reinforcement elements (not shown), which are omitted for the sake of clarity.
    Returning to figure 1A, fonts 131 - 138 will typically be implemented in sets of individual fonts.
    Sources 131 - 138 can be implemented using any appropriate technology known in the art.
    The known seismic sources include sources of | ] impulse, such as explosives and air guns, and vibrating sources that emit waves with a more controllable amplitude and frequency spectrum.
    An appropriate source is revealed in US Patent Letter US 4,657,482,
    | - incorporated by reference below.
    The mode illustrated in Figure 1A simultaneously triggers several of the sources 131 - 138 as further discussed below. Therefore, care must be taken that the sources 131 - 138 can be separated during subsequent analysis.
    There are a variety of techniques known in the art for source separation and any such suitable technique can be employed.
    For example, font separation is typically achieved by a font coding technique in which one font is coherent and another font is inconsistent in a certain collection domain, such as a common depth point, common receiver or common offset.
    Another mode source separation technique is revealed in C.
    Beasley & R.E.
    Chambers, 1998, “A new look at simultaneous sources”, 60th Conference and Exhibition, EAGE, Extended abstracts, 02-38. This technique achieves source separation based on differences in travel time and outward movement and allows: combination of source encoding with time differences of: 20 travel and outward movement.
    During the survey, dispersion 100 is | unfolded as shown in figure 1A. the source vessels 112, 113 are positioned at the forward edge 150 of the dispersion 100 with the streamer vessels 111, 114. Each of the forward edge vessels 111 - 114 is separated in a cross-line direction by an interval of
    | | 18 | | . separation S ,. Source boats 115 - 117, on the other | side, are positioned at the rear edge 160 of the dispersion | Seismic magnet 100. They are separated from each other in a line direction! : transverse through an S&S separation interval, the i 5 rear edge boats 115 - 117 are positioned! between pairs of forward-edge vessels 111 - 114 in: a transverse line direction and separated by a separation interval S ;. In the illustrated mode, & 8, = S, = 1200 m and S; = 600 m. Note that, as shown in figure 1A, the rear edge sources 131 - 134 and the rear edge sources 135 - 137 frame the streamer sets 121, 122 in the inline direction. The in-line distance d by which the rear-edge vessels 115 - 117 follow streamer sets 121, 122 is not important for the practice of the invention. However, practical considerations such as environmental conditions will inform those who carry out surveys what types of distances may be advisable for the survey given. In the illustrated mode, the distance d = 700 m. note also that all vessels 111 - 118 are positioned in a transverse line direction in the maximum length separation i, and that the rear edge vessels 115 - 117 are framed in the direction of! transverse line by the rear edge vessels 111 -
    114. During acquisition, each vessel 111 - 118
    | i | 19. crosses a respective shipping line 171 - 178. Those in the art having the benefit of this disclosure will recognize that vessels 111 - 118 will typically cross several of these shipping lines in the course of | 5 a survey.
    Navigation lines 171 - 178 are: determined a priori from well-known considerations such as survey coverage, sampling requirements, economic budgets and survey objectives.
    Note, however, that the technique currently revealed will affect how these considerations are applied, particularly with respect to dimensional extension characteristics such as line navigation range and font separation.
    The relative positions of the vessels 111 - 118 described above, as well as the format and depth of the streamers 140 can be maintained while crossing the respective navigation lines 171 - 177 using 'control techniques known in the art.
    Any technique | appropriate art known in the art can be used.
    Techniques! Appropriate 20 include those revealed in the Charter | US Charter 6,671,223, US Charter 1 US 6,932,017, US Charter US 7,080,607, 1 US Charter US 7,293,520, and US Patent Application 11 / 114,773, incorporated by reference below.
    Note that navigation lines 175 - 178 for
    | 20 | | . vessels 115 - 118 at the rear edge 160 of dispersion 100 are "interspersed" with navigation lines 171 - 174 for vessels 111 - 114 at the rear edge 150 of dispersion 100. It is this interleaving that creates the gap separation S; between navigation lines 171 - 178, which is effectively a source separation in this specific modality since the sources 131 - 138 are individually towed directly behind their | respective vessels 115 - 118. Thus, given these dimensions and the number and locations of receivers 156 and sources 131 - 138 this dispersion 100 can cover an area of! typical survey in one pass instead of two | required by conventional techniques.
    A survey that employs two vessels of: receiver (for example, vessels 111, 114) and six source vessels (for example, vessels 132-133, 135-138) as described above, is a one-pass survey, saves time and it is therefore cheaper than one | conventional survey.
    It will provide the same fold as for '| 20 a vessel with two receivers, survey of two source vessels with two passes at a cost saving equivalent to twice the cost of a receiver vessel per day minus twice the cost of a vessel | receiver per day. '25 In the illustrated mode, combinations of sources 131 - 138 are triggered sequentially, the individual sources
    | 21 i -. 131 - 137 in any given combination being fired simultaneously.
    The use of eight sources in a sequential mode increases the in-line interval between trigger points as vessels 111 - 118 traverse their respective navigation lines 171 - 177. For example, if the nominal trigger interval is ds, the interval firing 1 | inline for each source line will be 7 * ds, that is, similar to the inline source sampling of the two streamers and two sources, if a simultaneous source shooting technique is used.
    A possible firing sequence is: source 131 + source 135, source 132 + source 136, source 133 + source 137, and source 134 + source 138. If the nominal firing interval is 37.5 m, the trigger sampling in the direction in line it will be 150 m. this is equivalent to the sampling obtained by two receiver vessels, survey of two source vessels using sequential firing.
    Figure 1C represents a portion of the dispersion 100 of figure 1A, in a “snapshot” during a survey.
    For the sake of clarity, and in order not to obscure this - 1 aspect of the invention, some detail is omitted, For example, | | 'streamer 111 vessel only, set of streamers | 121, and source 131 are shown because the operation of the other 1 extension elements can be readily extrapolated to! from there.
    Some elements of the streamer 140, namely the positioning devices, are similarly omitted for the same reason.
    A geological formation
    | 22 | : underground 127 features a 145 seismic reflector.
    The seismic source 131 generates a plurality of seismic survey signals 125 according to conventional practice as survey vessel 111 tows the streamers 140 through the area to be surveyed in a predetermined pattern as revealed above. The signs of | seismic survey 125 propagates and is reflected by the underground geological formation 127. Receivers 214 detect reflected signals 129 from geological formation 127 in a conventional way, Receivers 214; then generate data representative of reflexes 129, and | seismic data is embedded in electromagnetic signals. The signals generated by the receivers 214 are communicated to the data collection unit 200. The data collection unit 200 collects the seismic data for processing. The data collection unit 200 can process the seismic data itself, store the seismic data for processing at a later time, transmit the seismic data to a remote location for processing, or some combination of these things. In | Generally, data is typically transported or | transmitted to another location where they are combined with | those purchased on other vessels 112 - 118 for | processing and analysis.
    The survey signals 125 mentioned above are generated by “firing” the sources, for example, source 131,
    i! 23 1 - | - In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, sources are fired in combinations that are fired sequentially in an interval proportional to the number of | seismic sources and the rated firing range. Na | 5 illustrated mode, theThe trigger interval which is the product of the number of seismic sources and the interval of | nominal trip. So, as described above, for the! configuration of eight vessels of figure 1A, the line trip interval for each source line will be 8 * ds.
    Due to the fact that the acquisition time is | halved using the modality in figure 1A, | the cost to acquire the same survey size in relation to that of the conventional WAZ survey described above. If N days are required to purchase the | 15 survey with the conventional approach, only N / 2 days will be required for the modality of figure 1A. that ; means the cost savings of: 2RC-28cC, where Rc is the cost of receiver vessels per. 20 days and £ Scéocustode source vessel per day. Observe | that Sc is typically a fraction of Rc. Another indirect benefit is the reduced acquisition time which means i better use of the vessel and another survey can | | be acquired. | If the survey area is large enough that even dispersion 100 cannot yet cover in; |
    | | à | . a passage, can cover the area at half the number of passes that a conventional dispersion would require.
    Figure 3 illustrates how the positioning of the dispersion in a two-pass survey can be leveraged to obtain a greater range of navigation line. (Note that: the rear edge boats 115 - 118 are aligned i | with the port edge instead of the starboard edge of the i | set as in figure 1A). passage 1 is shown to the left of the thick line and moves in the direction indicated by the arrow under the legend "passage 1". Passage 2 is shown to the right of the thick line and moves in the direction indicated by! arrow under the caption “Passage 2". The positioning of the dispersion 100 during the passages is “interspersed” between the two passages.
    In particular, the separation interval S; = 600 meas navigation lines 171 - 178 are moved between Passage 1 and Passage 2 in 300 m to obtain a navigation line interval of 2400 m with a source line interval of 300 m. that is, 300 m cross-sectional sampling can be acquired by interleaving with two passes at 2400 m from | | ] line navigation range. | The cost of acquiring data with interwoven 7 navigation lines of 2400 m as shown in figure 3 is equal to! data acquisition with trailer receiver sets and six sources in one pass over a 1200 m navigation line interval - that is, as shown in figure 1A.
    | is | - | | . however, by spreading the navigation line over 300 m, cross-line sampling can be improved by acquiring a 300 m source line interval. simultaneous firing is used to increase the firing interval | 5 lines up as the applicants did in the previous modality | of figure 1A.
    ; The technique currently revealed also allows variation in the number of extension elements that could be used and their positioning. Consider, for example, dispersion 400 of figure 4A-figure 4B. figures 4a to 4B, illustrate conceptually in a "bird's eye" view a second specific modality of a marine seismic survey dispersion, of towed matrix, implemented according to an aspect of the present invention and the wide azimuth distribution acquisition, respectively.
    Dispersion 400 comprises seven survey vessels 411 - 417, of which vessels 411, 417 are receiver vessels and the remainder are | 20 source. Each of the 411 - 417 vessels also tows one | 'respective source 431 - 437. Note that all vessels 401-407 are located on the advanced wedding 450 of dispersion 400. Navigation lines 471 - 477 are separated by a separation interval 8; = 1200 m.
    However, through simultaneous shooting, the same interleaved effect performed by the modality of figure 1A-figure
    | 26 1B can still be performed.
    A possible firing sequence could be source 131 + source 135, source 132 + source 136, source 134, and source 133 + source 137. That's it! modality also provides transverse line displacements: 5 large than a vessel with two receivers, extension of two source vessels with a maximum displacement of; transversal line up to 10 km. | Techniques can also be used to reduce the number of vessels.
    In this regard, consider the '10 modality of figure 5. Dispersion 500 comprises four:; vessels 501 - 504, of which vessels 501, 504 are receiver vessels and vessels 502, 503 are source vessels.
    Each of the 501 - 504 vessels tows a dual source assembly 581 - 584, comprised of sources 53la - 534b. each source pair is separated by a distance d. the distance d must be proportional to the navigation line interval.
    It could be some fraction; (for example, 4,% or * /;) of the spread width.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the spreading width is 1200 m, and so the distance d could be, for example, 300 m, 400 m, 7 600 m or 1200 m.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the source separation is 7 300 m. this is more efficient for projects! For example, a 600 m navigation line interval with two interspersed passages will provide 150
    J | 27:.
    | 2 m and 376 folds. This is twice the folds obtained using conventional techniques. Again, sources 531 - 534 will be triggered simultaneously as described above.
    Figure 6 represents a variation in the configuration | 5 of the double source assembly of Figure 5 employing a 600 m source separation instead of 300 m. this provides a 300 m source cross-line sampling. With a 1200mM line navigation interval with two interspersed passages, a 300m cross-line trip sampling can be obtained. Again, the shot | simultaneous source is employed. | Figure 7 represents a modality that can be considered a variation in both the modalities of figure 1A 'and figure 5. It is a variation in the modality of figure 1 in which' 15 uses sets of dual sources to reduce the number of vessels. It is a variation in the modality of figure 5 in which vessels are located at the rear edge of the dispersion and the source separation is 1200 m. The acquisition! wide azimuth (“WAZ”) for exploration could be! | 20 fired in a single pass, or half the time, from a conventional 'survey' at substantial cost savings. This configuration is also good for; 4D survey using what is known as the 'push-invert' technique Thus, the technique currently revealed provides 300 m cross-line sampling in a survey
    | 28 | . cost-effective over conventional survey techniques.
    This is achieved by deploying a plurality of seismic sources positioned to obtain one; 300 m cross-line sampling as a function of; | 5 number of passes.
    If a pass survey is considered, then the sources are split with a | 300 m source separation. if a two-pass survey is considered, then the sources can be! deployed with a source separation of 600 m and the position of the dispersion during the two passages with a displacement; transverse line to obtain a 300 m source separation in the combined passages.
    This is described as "interleaving" here, in which the source is interleaved as unfolded in the dispersion, as positioned in multiple passages, or some combination of these things.
    The currently revealed technique also provides a method by which wide azimuth seismic data can be obtained in a marine survey of towed matrix.
    The method generally comprises deploying a marine seismic dispersion, with a towed matrix; cross the | dispersion spread across a survey area and | acquire wide azimuth survey data during the 6th crossing.
    The acquisition includes: firing seismic sources; in combination sequentially in an interval proportional to the number of seismic sources and the nominal firing interval; and receive a seismic wave field generated by
    | | . | . trigger seismic sources. In the illustrated modalities, the The interval is the product of the number of seismic sources and the nominal trip interval. the following documents are hereby | 'i | 5 incorporated as a reference for teaching | ! mentioned as outlined here verbatim: The US Patent Letter 4,757,482, entitled “Modular airgun array Method, apparatus and system” and issued on July 12, 1988, to Bolt Technology Corporation, as assignee of the inventor August | H. Fiske, Jr. For his teachings on seismic source design and construction. US Patent Letter US 6,477,711, entitled “Method of making a marine seismic streamer” ", and issued on November 5, 2002, to Schlumberger Technology Corporation, as assignee of the inventors Nils Lunde, and others, for their teachings in relation to | design and construction of streamer. | US Patent 6,671,223, entitled “Control devices for controlling the position of | a marine seismic streamer”, and issued on December 30: 2003, to WesternGeco , LLC, as assignee of inventor Simon Hastings Bittleston, for his teachings regarding streamer design and construction as well as his! 25 extension control control teachings.
    US Charter US 6,684,160,
    - entitled “Marine Seismic Acquisition System and method," and dispatched on January 27, 2004, to WesternGeco, LLC, as assignee of the inventors, Ali Osbek and others, for his teachings regarding streamer design and construction, The Patent Letter North American US 6,932,017, entitled “Control system for positioning of marine seismic streamers”, and dispatched on August 23, 2005, to WesternGeco, LLC, as assignee of inventors Oyvind Hillesund and Simon Bittleston for their teachings regarding design and building a streamer as well as his teachings on extension control.
    US Patent Letter US 7,080,607, 'entitled "“ Seismic data acquisition equipment control; systen "' and issued on July 25, 2006, to WesternGeco LLC, as assignee of the inventors Oyvind Ú Hillesund and Simon Bittleston for their teachings in ! regarding the design and construction of streamer as well as yours! 1 teachings on extension control. | US Charter US 7,293,520,: entitled “Control system for positioning of marine! seismic streamers ", and issued on November 13, 2007, B to MWesternGeco LLC, as assignee of the inventors | Oyvind Hillesund and Simon Bittleston for their teachings regarding streamer design and construction as well as their teachings on extension control;
    | | 31 | . North American Patent Application US 11 / 114,773, | titled “Seismic streamer systen and method" and | filed on April 26, 2006, in the name of the inventors | Rohitashva Singh and others for their teachings regarding the design, construction and operation of multi-component streamer; and! Beasley, C, J & RE, Chambers, 1998, “A new look: at simultaneous Sources”, 60th Conference and Exhibition, EAGE, Extended abstracts, 02-38, for his teachings regarding font separation techniques.
    This provided the detailed description.
    The specific modalities disclosed above are illustrative only since the invention can be modified and put into practice in different ways, but equivalents evident for those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings of the present invention.
    In addition, no limitation is intended in the details of construction or design shown here, other than as described in the claims | ; below.
    So it is clear that the specific modalities | : i 20 revealed here can be changed or modified and all | | These variations are considered to be within the scope e! | spirit of the invention.
    Therefore, the protection that | search here is as set out in the claims below. | |
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    - —- CLAIMS -: 1. METHOD, characterized by understanding: implanting a towed matrix marine seismic dispersion, the dispersion including: a plurality of streamer matrices; a plurality of streamer vessels, each streamer vessel towing a respective array of streamer arrays; a plurality of seismic sources whose positions are interspersed in the transverse direction to achieve an effective transverse sampling less than their transverse separation as a function of the number of passes; and a plurality of source vessels, each source vessel towing at least one of the respective seismic sources; traverse the implanted dispersion through a survey area; and acquire wide azimuth survey data during the crossing. . 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the acquisition of wide azimuth data tr includes triggering the seismic sources in combinations that are - sequentially triggered in an interval proportional to the number of seismic sources and the nominal trigger interval.
    3. Method according to claim 2,
    - characterized by the acquisition of wide azimuth data 'includes triggering the seismic sources sequentially at an interval that is the product of the number of seismic sources and the nominal triggering interval.
    4, Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the implantation of a plurality of seismic sources includes implanting a plurality of seismic sources in a 300 meter source separation for acquisition in a single passage.
    5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the implantation of a plurality of positioned seismic sources includes implanting a plurality of seismic sources in a 600 meter source separation for acquisition in two passages.
    6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the crossing of the implanted dispersion through a survey area includes a single passage; or in which the dispersion crossing deployed through a survey area includes two interspersed passages.
    Tm 7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the receipt of the seismic wave field includes detecting the pressure and particle movement of the seismic wave field.
    8. Method according to claim 1,
    - characterized by the implantation of a plurality of seismic sources whose positions are interspersed include implanting the plurality of sources to achieve an effective cross-sectional sampling of 300 m.
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the acquisition of wide azimuth data includes simultaneously firing shots from seismic sources.
    10. SEISMIC DISPERSION MARITIME TOWED MATRIX, characterized by being implanted by the method of claims 1 to 9.
    11. Marine seismic dispersion of towed matrix, according to claim 10, characterized in that the dispersion constitutes a configuration of eight vessels, one of seven vessels, one of six vessels, one of five vessels or one of four vessels.
    12. Marine seismic dispersion of towed matrix, according to claim 10, characterized in that the dispersion comprises:, two streamer vessels that tow a respective source of the seismic sources and positioned on the forward TEA edge of the dispersion; Two source vessels positioned at the forward edge of the dispersion between the two streamer vessels in the transverse direction and towing a respective source from the seismic sources; and
    . four source vessels positioned at the rear edge of the dispersion interspersed in the transverse direction between the two streamer vessels and the two source vessels positioned at the forward edge of the dispersion and each towing a respective source from the seismic sources.
    13. Marine seismic dispersion of towed matrix, according to claim 10, characterized in that the source vessels are positioned between the streamer vessels in the transverse direction spaced equidistant in the transverse direction.
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    法律状态:
    2020-09-15| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-09-29| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-10-13| B06G| Technical and formal requirements: other requirements [chapter 6.7 patent gazette]|
    2021-11-23| B350| Update of information on the portal [chapter 15.35 patent gazette]|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US12/649,818|US8588025B2|2009-12-30|2009-12-30|Method and apparatus for acquiring wide-azimuth marine data using simultaneous shooting|
    US12/649,818|2009-12-30|
    PCT/US2010/062516|WO2011082308A2|2009-12-30|2010-12-30|Method and apparatus for acquiring wide-azimuth marine data using simultaneous shooting|
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